Skip to content
Sam Millan

← Writing · Craft and learning · 3 min read

Skills that outlive their tools

My 60/30/10 rule for learning: a small place for the tools, a much larger place for what travels with me.

Reading preferences

Applies to this essay while it is open. Escape exits focus view.

Sam Millan · published 2026-10-12
https://sammillan.com/writing/selected/skills-that-outlive-their-tools

I can spend a whole evening learning a tool and finish feeling more capable. Then a new version arrives, the interface changes and part of the evening needs doing again.

Some of that is normal. I build with software. Learning the tools is part of the work, and a better tool can make a real difference. But I started wanting a way to distinguish knowledge that travels with me from knowledge that lives inside this week’s interface.

I wrote down three questions.

Was the underlying skill useful a hundred years ago, and can I imagine it being useful a hundred years from now? Can I take it into a different industry? Does it require judgement when the answer is unclear?

Share this idea

Those are filters, rather than predictions. I can’t certify that a skill will survive a century. I can notice that explaining an idea clearly has a longer useful history than knowing where a particular app keeps its settings.

The same applies across my own work. Coaching and building websites look different. Both involve listening to someone describe a problem, working out what they actually need and explaining why the next step makes sense. The tools change. Getting that conversation wrong remains expensive.

That led me to a rough allocation: 60 per cent timeless fundamentals, 30 per cent transferable systems, 10 per cent current tools.

The fundamentals are writing, speaking, thinking and relationships. The systems are ways of solving problems that I can use more than once: breaking down an unclear goal, testing an assumption, reviewing work, building a repeatable process. The last part is the software I’m using to do it today.

Share this idea

I don’t track those percentages with a stopwatch. They’re a correction to my appetite. Left alone, I’m quite capable of spending most of my time in the last ten per cent, because that’s where the new things are.

There’s a danger in taking the rule too seriously. You can call something a timeless fundamental and use that as permission to stay vague. A person who reads about clear thinking forever without building or explaining anything hasn’t escaped the trap. They’ve found a quieter version of it.

So I want the layers working together. Learn a tool for a real job. Use the job to improve a transferable process. Pay attention to the human skill underneath it. A website becomes practice at understanding what a business needs. A coaching session becomes practice at giving an instruction someone can actually use.

That’s more useful to me than arguing whether specialists or generalists win. I need enough depth to do good work and enough range to carry what I learn into the next problem. Being interested in everything doesn’t excuse being useful at nothing.

Share this idea

The question at the end of a week is what remains if I change the software. Did I get better at explaining, deciding, testing or noticing? Or did I mostly get quicker at an interface?

Both can help on Monday. I want most of my learning to come with me when Monday looks different.

Share this idea

Keep a passage

Select a passage in this essay, then save it to your reading desk. Saving is optional and stays on this device.

Open your passage notebook

Put the idea to work

The website handover →

A useful build leaves another person able to continue the work. The handover makes that principle visible in a client project.

Reply to this essay

A private reply to Sam, with “Skills that outlive their tools” attached. It will not appear as a public comment.

private replySam reads every message

Your reply is private. I will read it personally and can reply to the email you provide.

Keep this message for later

Optional. Only the message is saved on this device, for up to seven days. Avoid saving sensitive details on a shared device. Your name and email are never saved here.